Burnout: a review of evidence-based interventions in mental health
Abstract
Burnout is a syndrome of multifactorial origin that arises as a response to prolonged stress in the workplace, has 3 dimensions, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and the feeling of dissatisfaction. Its prevalence ranges between 4% and 30.5% in workers, and reaches 50% in workers in mental health. There are several strategies for the management of burnout, however it is not clear which would be the most effective. The objective of this article is to review the strategies for the management of burnout, for which a narrative review was carried out that included the term of burnout between 2012 and 2017 in PubMed search engines. Seven studies were found among narrative reviews, systematics and meta-analysis, in which individual and institutional strategies are described, one research also considers group strategies. It is described that for the adequate approach to burnout should be considered not only the responsibility of the individual, but also that of health organizations, both in their genesis and in their management. There are strategies to address this problem effectively. There is a lack of precision regarding the type of interventions, in what combination and in what times they would achieve greater effectiveness, given the multifactorial nature of their origin and the multidimensional nature of their problems. Future research and interventions are required to evaluate these strategies for the management of burnout in the different levels of intervention.Keywords:
burnout, strategies, mental healthReferences
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12. West, C. P., Dyrbye, L. N., Erwin, P. J., & Shanafelt, T. D. (2016). Interventions to prevent and reduce physician burnout: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet, 388(10057), 2272-2281
2. Barnett, K. A. G. (2017). In Pursuit of the Fourth Aim in Health Care. Medical Clinics, 101(5), 1031-1040.
3. Chang E, Eddins-Folensbee F, Coverdale J.Survey of the prevalence of burnout, stress, depression, and the use of supports by medical students at one school. Acad Psychiatry 2012; 36:177-82
4. Demerouti, E. (2015). Strategies used by individuals to prevent burnout. European journal of clinical investigation, 45(10), 1106-1112.
5. García-Campayo, J., Puebla-Guedea, M., Herrera-Mercadal, P., & Daudén, E. (2016). Burnout Syndrome and Demotivation Among Health Care Personnel. Managing Stressful Situations: The Importance of Teamwork. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition), 107(5), 400-406.
6. Hall, L. H., Johnson, J., Watt, I., Tsipa, A., & O’Connor, D. B. (2016). Healthcare staff wellbeing, burnout, and patient safety: a systematic review. PloS one, 11(7), e0159015.
7. Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2016). Understanding the burnout experience: recent research and its implications for psychiatry. World Psychiatry, 15(2), 103–111.
8. Panagioti, M., Panagopoulou, E., Bower, P., Lewith, G., Kontopantelis, E., Chew-Graham, C., & Esmail, A. (2017). Controlled interventions to reduce burnout in physicians: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Jama internal medicine, 177(2), 195-205.
9. Rössler, W. (2012). Stress, burnout, and job dissatisfaction in mental health workers. European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience, 262(2), 65-69.
10. Rothenberger, D. A. (2017). Physician Burnout and Well-Being: A Systematic Review and Framework for Action. Diseases of the Colon & Rectum, 60(6), 567-576.
11. Shanafelt, T. D., & Noseworthy, J. H. (2017,January). Executive leadership and physician well-being: nine organizational strategies to promote engagement and reduce burnout. In Mayo Clinic Proceedings (Vol. 92, No. 1, pp. 129-146). Elsevier.
12. West, C. P., Dyrbye, L. N., Erwin, P. J., & Shanafelt, T. D. (2016). Interventions to prevent and reduce physician burnout: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet, 388(10057), 2272-2281
