SUICIDAL IDEATION AND SUICIDE ATTEMPT IN ADOLESCENTS: PERSONAL, FAMILY AND SOCIAL FACTORS
Authors
-
Millaray Arce Vásquez
CESFAM Violeta Parra. Corporación Municipal de Desarrollo Social de Pudahuel. Santiago
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2827-0390
-
Carola Vega Aguilar
CESFAM Colina. Corporación Municipal de Desarrollo Social de Colina. Santiago
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2430-3095
-
Mabel Moya Andaur
Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Chile
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1790-2444
-
Ana María Muñoz Cárdenas
Hospital de la Familia y Comunidad de Quinchao. Servicio de Salud Chiloé
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2184-3897
-
Erik Rubio Benicke
Departamento de Salud Municipal de Rio Negro. Rio Negro
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8719-7763
-
Mónica Nivelo Clavijo
Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Chile
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0664-1058
-
Daniela Sandoval Huenchual
Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Chile
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1142-5712
-
Kelvin Castro Neira
Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Chile
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2871-8183
Abstract
Introduction: adolescents are likely to develop behaviors such as suicidal ideation and/or attempts. Identifying factors associated with these behaviors contributes to achieving effective interventions in primary health care. Objective: to determine personal, familial and social factors that act as protectors or risk factors in suicidal ideation and/or attempts in adolescents treated in primary care in the Recoleta district. Methods: cross-sectional study, comprehensive health control records of 699 adolescents assisted during the year 2019 were analyzed. The association between ideation and/or suicide attempt with personal, familial and social factors was evaluated through odds ratios obtained by logistic regression. Results: prevalence of suicidal ideation and/or attempt was 7.0 %. Female gender, personal and familial mental health problems; history of personal, intra-family and sexual violence; personal, familial and school legal problems; feeling socially rejected; grooming; cyberbullying; marijuana use; homosexual and bisexual orientation; body image that creates concern and prevents relationship with others and an altered emotional well-being were risk factors for suicidal ideation and/or attempt; living with the mother; with the mother, the father and others; belonging to single-parent, bi-parental or extended families and sharing family meals were protective factors. Conclusions: the determination of these protective and risk factors contribute to improve prevention strategies by identifying risk groups in the population in charge. Results referring to the familial environment show a new aspect to consider, allowing us to recognize the relevance of the family role in the healthy development of adolescents.Keywords:
Suicide attempt, suicidal ideation, adolescents, family, risk factors, protective factorsReferences
Fonseca-Pedrero, E., Díez-Gómez, A., de la Barrera, U., Sebastian-Enesco, C., Ortuño-Sierra, J., Montoya-Catilla, I., Lucas-Molina, B., Inchausti, F., Pérez-Albéniz, A. Conducta suicida en adolescentes: un análisis de redes. Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment. 2020; 31: S1888 – 9891 (20)30032. doi: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.04.007.
Ministerio de Salud. Recomendaciones para la Prevención de la Conducta Suicida en Establecimientos Educacionales. Programa Nacional de Prevención de Suicidio. 2019:7-16
Ventura-Junca, R., Carvajal, C., Undurraga, S., Vicuña, P., Egaña, J., & Garib, M. Prevalencia de ideación e intento suicida en adolescentes de la Región Metropolitana de Santiago de Chile. Revista Médica de Chile. 2010;138 (3): 309-315.
Valdivia, M., Silva, D., Sanhueza, F., Cova, F., Melipillán, R. Prevalencia de intento de suicidio adolescente y factores de riesgo asociados en una comuna rural de la provincia de Concepción. Revista Médica de Chile. 2015;143 (3): 320-328.
Gaete, V. Desarrollo psicosocial del adolescente. Revista Chilena de Pediatría. 2015; 86 (6): 436-443.
Moratto, SN., Zapata, JJ., Messager, T. Conceptualización de ciclo vital familiar: una mirada a la producción durante el periodo comprendido entre los años 2002 a 2015. Revista CES Psicología. 2015;8(2):103-121
Silva, D., Vicente, B., Saldivia, S., Kohn, R. Conducta suicida y trastornos psiquiátricos en Chile, un estudio poblacional. Revista Médica de Chile. 2013;141(10):1275 - 1282.
Hernandes, L., Louro, I. Principales características psicosociales de adolescentes con intento suicida. Revista Cubana de Medicina General Integral. 2015;31(2):182-189.
Miranda-Mendizabal, A., Castellví, P., Parés-Badell, O., Alayo, I., Almenara, J., Alonso, I., Blasco, MJ., Cebrià, A., Gabilondo, A., Gili, M., Lagares, C., Piqueras, JA., Rodríguez-Jiménez, T., Rodríguez-Marín, J., Roca, M., Soto-Sanz, V., Vilagut, G., Alonso, J. Gender differences in suicidal behavior in adolescents and young adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Int J Public Health. 2019;64(2):265-283. doi: 10.1007/s00038-018-1196-1.
Cañón-Buitrago, SC., Carmona-Parra, JA. Ideación y conductas suicidas en adolescentes y jóvenes. Rev Pediatr Aten Primaria. 2018;20:387-95.
Vargas, H., Saavedra, J. Factores asociados con conducta suicida en adolescentes. Revista de Neuropsiquiatría. 2012;75(1):19-28.
Soler, A., Martínez, L., Martínez, A., Trenchs, V., Picouto, MD., Villar, F., Luaces C. Características epidemiológicas de las tentativas de suicidio en adolescentes atendidos en Urgencias. Anales de Pediatría. 2016;85(1):13-17
Sánchez, J., Villarreal, M., Musitu, G., Martínez, B. Ideación Suicida en Adolescentes: Un Análisis Psicosocial. Psychosocial Intervention. 2010;19(3):279-287.
Dávila-Cervantes, C., Luna-Contreras, M. Intento de suicido en adolescentes: Factores asociados. Rev Chil Pediatr 2019;90(6):606-616.
Shuyang, Y., Kuja-Halkola, R., Thornton, L., Runfola, C., D’Onofrio, B., Almqvist, C., Lichtenstein, P., Sjölander, A., Larsson, H., Bulik, C. Familial Liability for Eating Disorders and Suicide Attempts Evidence from a Population Registry in Sweden. JAMA Psychiatry. 2016;73(3):284- 291
Mosquera, L. Conducta suicida en la infancia: Una revisión crítica. Revista de Psicología Clínica con Niños y Adolescentes. 2016;3(1):9-18.
Navarro-Gómez N. El suicidio en jóvenes en España: cifras y posibles causas. Análisis de los últimos datos disponibles. Clínica y Salud. 2017; 28(1):25-31
Fonseca-Pedrero, E., Al-Halabí, S., Pérez-Albéniz, A., Debbané, M. Risk and Protective Factors in Adolescent Suicidal Behaviour: A Network Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(3):1784. doi:10.3390/ijerph19031784.
Ministerio de Salud. Gobierno de Chile Orientaciones técnicas para el control de salud integral de adolescentes; 2016.
Zygo, M., Pawłowska, B., Potembska, E., Dreher, P., Kapka-Skrzypczak, L. Prevalence and selected risk factors of suicidal ideation, suicidal tendencies and suicide attempts in young people aged 13-19 years. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2019;26(2):329-336. doi: 10.26444/aaem/93817.
Seff, I., Stark, L. A sex-disaggregated analysis of how emotional violence relates to suicide ideation in low- and middle-income countries. Child Abuse Negl. 2019;93:222-227. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.05.008.
Campo-Arias, A., Suárez-Colorado, YP., Caballero-Domínguez, CC. Association between the use of Cannabis and elevated suicide risk in high school adolescents from Santa Marta, Colombia. Biomédica. 2020;40(3):569-577. doi: 10.7705/biomedica.4988.
Ahuja, M., Awasthi, M., Records, K., Lamichhane, RR. Early Age of Alcohol Initiation and its Association with Suicidal Behaviors. Subst Use Misuse. 2021;56(9):1332-1338. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2021.1922452.
O'Reilly, LM,, Pettersson, E., Donahue, K., Quinn, PD., Klonsky, ED., Lundström, S., Larsson, H., Lichtenstein, P., D'Onofrio, BM. Sexual orientation and adolescent suicide attempt and self-harm: a co-twin control study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2021;62(7): 834-841. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.13325.
Giano, Z., O'Neil, AM., Stowe, M., Hubach, RD. Examining Profiles of Latinx Sexual Minority Adolescents Associated with Suicide Risk. J Immigr Minor Health. 2021;23(3): 452-462. doi: 10.1007/s10903-020-01128-w.
John, A., Glendenning, AC., Marchant, A., Montgomery, P., Stewart, A., Wood, S., Lloyd, K., Hawton, K. Self-Harm, Suicidal Behaviours, and Cyberbullying in Children and Young People: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res. 2018; 20(4): e129. doi: 10.2196/jmir.9044
Peng, Z., Klomek, AB., Li, L., Su, X., Sillanmäki, L., Chudal, R., Sourander, A. Associations between Chinese adolescents subjected to traditional and cyber bullying and suicidal ideation, self-harm and suicide attempts. BMC Psychiatry. 2019;19(1):324. doi: 10.1186/s12888-019-2319-9.
Dworkin, ER., Menon, SV., Bystrynski, J., Allen, NE. Sexual assault victimization and psychopathology: A review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev. 2017; 56:65-81. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2017.06.002.
Correia, CM., Gomes, NP., Diniz, NMF., Andrade, ICS., Romano, CMC., Rodrigues, GRS. Child and adolescent violence: oral story of women who attempted suicide. Rev Bras Enferm. 2019;72(6):1450-1456.
Garcia-Huidobro, D. Enfoque familiar en la Atención Primaria: Una propuesta para mejorar la salud de todos. Rev. méd. Chile. 2010;138(11):1463-1464.
Chen, P., Harris, KM. Association of Positive Family Relationships with Mental Health Trajectories from Adolescence to Midlife. JAMA Pediatr. 2019;173(12):e193336 doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3336
